旋轉供料器作為工業領域物料輸送的核心設備，其結構設計服務于物料穩定傳輸與精準控制的需求。設備由多個功能組件構成，各部分協同作業，實現連續供料的功能。

　　As the core equipment for material conveying in the industrial field, the rotary feeder's structural design serves the needs of stable material transportation and precise control. The device is composed of multiple functional components, which work together to achieve continuous feeding.

　　1. 外殼：承載與防護的基礎框架

　　1. Shell: the basic framework for carrying and protecting

　　旋轉供料器的外殼通常采用碳鋼或不銹鋼材質，具備較高的強度與抗腐蝕性能。外殼呈圓柱形或方形結構，頂部設有進料口，用于連接上游物料輸送管道，使物料依靠重力自然落入設備內部；底部的出料口則與下游管道相連，確保物料順利排出。外殼預留檢修口與觀察窗，便于工作人員檢查內部積料情況、維護設備部件；同時，外殼的密封設計能夠防止物料泄漏，維持工作環境清潔。

　　The shell of the rotary feeder is usually made of carbon steel or stainless steel, which has high strength and corrosion resistance. The shell has a cylindrical or square structure, with a feeding port at the top for connecting upstream material conveying pipelines, allowing materials to naturally fall into the equipment by gravity; The bottom discharge port is connected to the downstream pipeline to ensure smooth discharge of materials. Reserved inspection ports and observation windows on the shell for staff to check the internal material accumulation and maintain equipment components; Meanwhile, the sealing design of the casing can prevent material leakage and maintain a clean working environment.

　　2. 轉子：實現物料輸送的核心部件

　　2. Rotor: the core component for material conveying

　　轉子是旋轉供料器的核心執行單元，由轉軸與多個葉片組成。葉片均勻分布于轉軸圓周，形成獨立的物料容腔。當電機驅動轉軸旋轉時，葉片同步轉動，將進入容腔的物料從進料口推送至出料口。根據物料特性與輸送需求，轉子可采用不同設計：直葉型結構簡單，適用于流動性良好的物料；前傾葉型葉片對物料的推送力更強，適合處理粘性或流動性差的物料；后傾葉型則能減少物料在輸送過程中的擠壓破損。此外，轉子與外殼內壁之間需保持 0.1 - 0.5 毫米的精密間隙，以平衡物料流暢通過與防止泄漏的雙重要求。

　　The rotor is the core execution unit of the rotary feeder, consisting of a shaft and multiple blades. The blades are evenly distributed around the circumference of the shaft, forming independent material chambers. When the motor drives the shaft to rotate, the blades rotate synchronously, pushing the material entering the chamber from the inlet to the outlet. According to the material characteristics and conveying requirements, the rotor can adopt different designs: the straight blade structure is simple and suitable for materials with good fluidity; The forward leaning blade type has a stronger pushing force on materials, making it suitable for handling materials with poor viscosity or fluidity; The backward tilting blade type can reduce the compression damage of materials during transportation. In addition, a precise gap of 0.1-0.5 millimeters should be maintained between the rotor and the inner wall of the casing to balance the dual requirements of smooth material flow and leakage prevention.

　　3. 密封裝置：防止物料泄漏的關鍵結構

　　3. Sealing device: a key structure to prevent material leakage

　　為避免物料在輸送中泄漏，旋轉供料器配備軸向與徑向雙重密封系統。軸向密封位于轉軸貫穿外殼的部位，常見類型包括填料密封與機械密封。填料密封通過在密封腔內填充橡膠、石墨盤根等彈性材料，利用壓蓋壓力緊貼轉軸形成密封；機械密封則依靠動環與靜環的精密貼合及輔助密封圈，實現高效持久的密封效果。徑向密封主要通過葉片頂端的密封片或彈性密封條，確保轉子葉片與外殼內壁緊密接觸，阻止物料從間隙溢出，從而降低物料損耗并減少粉塵污染。

　　To prevent material leakage during transportation, the rotary feeder is equipped with a dual axial and radial sealing system. Axial seals are located at the part where the shaft penetrates the housing, and common types include packing seals and mechanical seals. Packing seal is formed by filling the sealing chamber with elastic materials such as rubber and graphite packing, and tightly adhering to the shaft under the pressure of the gland to form a seal; Mechanical seals rely on the precise fit between the moving and stationary rings, as well as auxiliary sealing rings, to achieve efficient and long-lasting sealing effects. Radial sealing is mainly achieved through sealing plates or elastic sealing strips at the top of the blades, ensuring that the rotor blades are in close contact with the inner wall of the casing, preventing material from overflowing from the gap, thereby reducing material loss and minimizing dust pollution.

　　4. 驅動系統：提供運轉動力的組件組合

　　4. Drive system: a combination of components that provide operational power

　　驅動系統由電機、減速器與傳動裝置構成，為供料器提供穩定動力。電機作為動力源，可根據工況選擇普通異步電機或變頻電機，后者支持轉速調節，便于靈活控制供料量。減速器用于降低電機輸出轉速并提升扭矩，常見類型有齒輪減速器、蝸輪蝸桿減速器，以適配轉子的運行需求。傳動裝置負責將動力傳遞至轉子，皮帶傳動具備緩沖過載的特性，而聯軸器傳動則能實現更精準、穩定的動力傳輸，適用于對轉速控制要求較高的場景。

　　The drive system consists of a motor, a reducer, and a transmission device, providing stable power for the feeder. As a power source, the motor can be selected from ordinary asynchronous motors or variable frequency motors according to the working conditions. The latter supports speed adjustment, making it easy to flexibly control the feeding amount. Gearboxes are used to reduce the output speed of motors and increase torque. Common types include gear reducers and worm gear reducers to adapt to the operating requirements of rotors. The transmission device is responsible for transmitting power to the rotor, belt transmission has the characteristic of buffering overload, while coupling transmission can achieve more accurate and stable power transmission, suitable for scenarios with high requirements for speed control.

　　5. 軸承與潤滑系統：保障穩定運行的輔助組件

　　5. Bearing and lubrication system: auxiliary components to ensure stable operation

　　軸承作為支撐轉子旋轉的關鍵部件，分為滾動軸承與滑動軸承兩類。滾動軸承摩擦阻力小、啟動性能好，適合高速運轉工況；滑動軸承承載能力強、耐沖擊，常用于重載環境。為減少軸承磨損，設備配備潤滑系統，通過定期注入潤滑油或潤滑脂，在軸承表面形成減摩油膜，并帶走運轉產生的熱量。部分供料器搭載自動潤滑裝置，可根據運行時間或軸承溫度智能調節潤滑頻率，確保設備長期穩定運行。

　　As a key component supporting rotor rotation, bearings are divided into two categories: rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Rolling bearings have low friction resistance and good starting performance, suitable for high-speed operating conditions; Sliding bearings have strong load-bearing capacity and impact resistance, and are commonly used in heavy-duty environments. To reduce bearing wear, the equipment is equipped with a lubrication system that forms a friction reducing oil film on the bearing surface by regularly injecting lubricating oil or grease, and takes away the heat generated during operation. Some feeders are equipped with automatic lubrication devices that can intelligently adjust the lubrication frequency based on operating time or bearing temperature, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment.

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