羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)是一種常見的容積式氣體輸送設(shè)備，廣泛應(yīng)用于污水處理、氣力輸送、真空包裝等領(lǐng)域。其核心部件是兩個相互嚙合的轉(zhuǎn)子，通過同步齒輪帶動，在機(jī)殼內(nèi)做高速旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)氣體的吸入、壓縮和排出。然而，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程中，轉(zhuǎn)子會受到軸向力的作用，如果軸向力得不到有效平衡，會導(dǎo)致軸承磨損加劇、密封失效、振動增大等一系列問題，嚴(yán)重影響設(shè)備的使用壽命和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性。因此，研究并實(shí)施有效的軸向力平衡技術(shù)方案至關(guān)重要。

　　Roots blower is a common volumetric gas conveying equipment widely used in fields such as sewage treatment, pneumatic conveying, vacuum packaging, etc. The core components are two interlocked rotors that are driven by synchronous gears to perform high-speed rotational motion inside the casing, thereby achieving gas suction, compression, and discharge. However, during operation, the rotor is subjected to axial forces. If the axial forces are not effectively balanced, it can lead to a series of problems such as increased bearing wear, seal failure, and increased vibration, seriously affecting the service life and operational stability of the equipment. Therefore, it is crucial to study and implement effective axial force balancing technology solutions.

　　羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)軸向力的產(chǎn)生，主要源于轉(zhuǎn)子在旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中，其兩側(cè)存在的壓力差。具體來說，當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)時，工作腔的容積會周期性地變化。在吸氣階段，工作腔容積增大，壓力降低，氣體被吸入；在壓縮和排氣階段，工作腔容積減小，壓力升高，氣體被排出。由于轉(zhuǎn)子兩側(cè)分別處于不同的壓力區(qū)域，就會形成一個沿著轉(zhuǎn)子軸線方向的力，即軸向力。此外，轉(zhuǎn)子與機(jī)殼之間的摩擦、氣體流動的不均勻性等因素，也會對軸向力的大小產(chǎn)生影響。

　　The generation of axial force in Roots blower is mainly due to the pressure difference on both sides of the rotor during rotation. Specifically, when the rotor rotates, the volume of the working chamber will periodically change. During the inhalation phase, the working chamber volume increases, the pressure decreases, and gas is inhaled; During the compression and exhaust stages, the working chamber volume decreases, the pressure increases, and the gas is expelled. Due to the fact that the two sides of the rotor are located in different pressure zones, a force along the axis of the rotor, namely axial force, will be formed. In addition, factors such as friction between the rotor and the casing, and uneven gas flow can also affect the magnitude of axial force.

　　為了平衡軸向力，工程師們設(shè)計了多種技術(shù)方案。其中，較為常見且有效的方法之一是采用平衡盤結(jié)構(gòu)。平衡盤通常安裝在轉(zhuǎn)子的一端，其工作原理是利用平衡盤兩側(cè)的壓力差來抵消轉(zhuǎn)子所受的軸向力。在平衡盤的設(shè)計中，會精心計算其尺寸和形狀，使得在正常工作狀態(tài)下，平衡盤兩側(cè)產(chǎn)生的壓力能夠精確平衡轉(zhuǎn)子的軸向力，從而將軸向力控制在允許的范圍內(nèi)。

　　In order to balance the axial force, engineers have designed various technical solutions. One of the more common and effective methods is to use a balance disk structure. The balance disk is usually installed at one end of the rotor, and its working principle is to use the pressure difference on both sides of the balance disk to counteract the axial force acting on the rotor. In the design of the balance disk, its size and shape are carefully calculated so that under normal working conditions, the pressure generated on both sides of the balance disk can accurately balance the axial force of the rotor, thereby controlling the axial force within the allowable range.

　　另一種常用的技術(shù)方案是采用雙吸式結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)是在轉(zhuǎn)子的兩側(cè)同時設(shè)置進(jìn)氣口，使得氣體從轉(zhuǎn)子的兩端同時進(jìn)入工作腔。由于氣體在轉(zhuǎn)子兩側(cè)的吸入和壓縮過程相對稱，因此產(chǎn)生的軸向力可以相互抵消，從而達(dá)到平衡軸向力的目的。雙吸式結(jié)構(gòu)不僅能夠有效平衡軸向力，還可以提高羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的流量和效率，適用于需要大流量氣體的場合。

　　Another commonly used technical solution is to adopt a double suction structure. The characteristic of this structure is the simultaneous installation of air inlets on both sides of the rotor, allowing gas to enter the working chamber from both ends of the rotor simultaneously. Due to the relative symmetry of the suction and compression processes of gas on both sides of the rotor, the axial forces generated can cancel each other out, thereby achieving the goal of balancing the axial forces. The double suction structure not only effectively balances axial forces, but also improves the flow rate and efficiency of Roots blowers, making it suitable for applications that require high flow gases.

　　除了上述兩種方案外，優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)子的幾何形狀和參數(shù)也是一種重要的平衡手段。通過精確計算和模擬分析，對轉(zhuǎn)子的葉型、螺旋角、嚙合間隙等參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計，可以改善氣體在轉(zhuǎn)子間的流動狀態(tài)，減少因氣體流動不均勻而產(chǎn)生的附加軸向力。同時，合理選擇轉(zhuǎn)子的材料和表面處理工藝，降低轉(zhuǎn)子與機(jī)殼之間的摩擦系數(shù)，也能在一定程度上減小軸向力的大小。

　　In addition to the above two schemes, optimizing the geometry and parameters of the rotor is also an important balancing method. By precise calculation and simulation analysis, optimizing parameters such as blade shape, helix angle, and meshing clearance of the rotor can improve the flow state of gas between rotors and reduce additional axial forces caused by uneven gas flow. At the same time, reasonable selection of rotor materials and surface treatment processes can reduce the friction coefficient between the rotor and the casing, and also reduce the magnitude of axial force to a certain extent.

　　在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，往往需要根據(jù)羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的具體工況和要求，綜合采用多種技術(shù)方案來平衡軸向力。例如，對于高壓、大流量的羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)，可以同時采用平衡盤結(jié)構(gòu)和雙吸式結(jié)構(gòu)，以達(dá)到更好的平衡效果。此外，為了確保軸向力平衡技術(shù)方案的有效實(shí)施，還需要對羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)進(jìn)行精確的裝配和調(diào)試，嚴(yán)格控制各部件的加工精度和裝配間隙，并對運(yùn)行過程中的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時監(jiān)測和調(diào)整。

　　In practical applications, it is often necessary to adopt multiple technical solutions to balance axial forces based on the specific working conditions and requirements of Roots blowers. For example, for high-pressure and high flow Roots blowers, a balance plate structure and a double suction structure can be used simultaneously to achieve better balance effects. In addition, to ensure the effective implementation of the axial force balance technology scheme, it is necessary to accurately assemble and debug the Roots blower, strictly control the machining accuracy and assembly clearance of each component, and monitor and adjust various parameters in real-time during operation.

　　通過實(shí)施有效的軸向力平衡技術(shù)方案，可以顯著提高羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性和可靠性，延長設(shè)備的使用壽命，降低維護(hù)成本，為用戶創(chuàng)造更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

　　By implementing effective axial force balancing technology, the operational stability and reliability of Roots blowers can be significantly improved, the service life of equipment can be extended, maintenance costs can be reduced, and greater economic benefits can be created for users.

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